Periodontal plastic surgery refers to treatments that improve the aesthetic and function of the gum tissue. 

Recessions can be covered with gingival grafts. This can often improve hot-and-cold sensitivity of the teeth and improve the aesthetic appearance of the gum line.

If there is excess gingival display in a gummy smile crown lengthening procedures can correct this problem and improve the smile line. A crown lengthening procedure is also indicated if there is an impingement on the biologic width, i.e. due to a subgingival crown margin.

To optimize the healing process and the the surgical result, these procedures are best performed minimally invasive with enhanced vision (i.e. under the microscope).